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IT - Virtualization - 3 BSD on VAX 11/780 on SimH for Windows 10 x64

Introduction

3BSD was the first Berkeley Software Distribution to run on the 32-bit VAX platform. Derived from 32V, 3BSD was the first Unix system to add virtual memory, page replacement and demand paging to Unix. 

A VAX computer was installed at Berkeley in 1978, but the port of Unix to the VAX architecture, UNIX/32V, did not take advantage of the VAX's virtual memory capabilities. The kernel of 32V was largely rewritten by Berkeley graduate student Özalp Babaoğlu to include a virtual memory implementation, and a complete operating system including the new kernel, ports of the 2BSD utilities to the VAX, and the utilities from 32V was released as 3BSD at the end of 1979. 3BSD was also alternatively called Virtual VAX/UNIX or VMUNIX (for Virtual Memory Unix), and BSD kernel images were normally called /vmunix until 4.4BSD. 

The success of 3BSD was a major factor in the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency's (DARPA) decision to fund Berkeley's Computer Systems Research Group (CSRG), which would develop a standard Unix platform for future DARPA research in the VLSI Project.

https://www.oreilly.com/openbook/opensources/book/kirkmck.html
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Berkeley_Software_Distribution

Host

  • Vendor: Generic
  • CPU: 1 x Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-10700K CPU @ 3.80GHz   3.79 GHz
  • RAM: 128GB
  • OS: Windows 10 64-bits

Guest

  • DEC VAX-11/780

Virtualization

Pending

  • Additional disks

References

  • 3bsd tape image here.
  • SimH 4.1 here.
  • https://gunkies.org/wiki/Installing_3_BSD_on_SIMH

Steps

  1. Install cygwin
    1. install bzip2 (or 7z) and uudecode
  2. Install simh 4.1 from here. This is another fork project from the original emulator.
    $ mkdir -p /cygdrive/m/Emulators/SimH/mirror/
    $ cd /cygdrive/m/Emulators/SimH/mirror/
    1. If this is the first time, make a local copy of the simulator
      git clone https://github.com/open-simh/simh.git simh-4.1
      Cloning into 'simh-4.1'...
      remote: Enumerating objects: 35175, done.
      remote: Counting objects: 100% (104/104), done.
      remote: Compressing objects: 100% (66/66), done.
      remote: Total 35175 (delta 46), reused 86 (delta 38), pack-reused 35071
      Receiving objects: 100% (35175/35175), 78.76 MiB | 21.77 MiB/s, done.
      Resolving deltas: 100% (27237/27237), done.
      Updating files: 100% (1580/1580), done.
    2. Otherwise, update your local copy
      ( cd simh-4.1 && git fetch --all -v )
      POST git-upload-pack (155 bytes)
      From https://github.com/open-simh/simh
       = [up to date]        master                 -> origin/master
       = [up to date]        Alpha-CPU              -> origin/Alpha-CPU
       = [up to date]        AsyncTmxr              -> origin/AsyncTmxr
       = [up to date]        AutoConfigure          -> origin/AutoConfigure
       = [up to date]        Bryan-HP-Current       -> origin/Bryan-HP-Current
       = [up to date]        BufferedConsole        -> origin/BufferedConsole
       = [up to date]        ControlFlow            -> origin/ControlFlow
       = [up to date]        Extra-VAXen            -> origin/Extra-VAXen
       = [up to date]        FastAsynchIO           -> origin/FastAsynchIO
       = [up to date]        HP2100Extensions       -> origin/HP2100Extensions
       = [up to date]        KDP                    -> origin/KDP
       = [up to date]        SerialMux              -> origin/SerialMux
       = [up to date]        Supnik-Current         -> origin/Supnik-Current
       = [up to date]        VAX-11-BootBlock-Fixup -> origin/VAX-11-BootBlock-Fixup
       = [up to date]        simtools               -> origin/simtools
       = [up to date]        v3.9-0-rc1             -> origin/v3.9-0-rc1
       = [up to date]        vms-pcap               -> origin/vms-pcap
    3. Create the simulator machines
      ( cd simh-4.1 && make vax780 && ./BIN/vax780 )
      lib paths are: /usr/lib ../windows-build/winpcap/WpdPack/Lib /lib/ /usr/lib/
      include paths are:  /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-cygwin/11/include /usr/include /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-pc-cygwin/11/../../../../lib/../include/w32api ../windows-build/winpcap/WpdPack/Include
      using libm: /usr/lib/libm.a
      using librt: /usr/lib/librt.a
      using libpthread: /usr/lib/libpthread.a /usr/include/pthread.h
      using semaphore: /usr/include/semaphore.h
      using libdl: /usr/lib/libdl.a /usr/include/dlfcn.h
      using libedit: /usr/include/editline/readline.h
      using mman: /usr/include/sys/mman.h
      *** Warning ***
      *** Warning *** vax780 Simulator is being built WITHOUT
      *** Warning *** libpcap networking support
      *** Warning ***
      *** Warning *** To build simulator(s) with libpcap networking support you
      *** Warning *** should read 0readme_ethernet.txt and follow the instructions
      *** Warning *** regarding the needed libpcap development components for your
      *** Warning *** cygwin platform
      *** Warning ***
      *** Warning ***
      *** Warning *** vax780 Simulator is being built WITHOUT LAN networking support
      *** Warning ***
      *** Warning *** To build simulator(s) with networking support you should read
      *** Warning *** 0readme_ethernet.txt and follow the instructions regarding the
      *** Warning *** needed libpcap components for your cygwin platform
      *** Warning ***
      ***
      *** vax780 Simulator being built with:
      *** - compiler optimizations and no debugging support. GCC Version: 11.3.0.
      *** - WITHOUT Local LAN networking support.
      *** - Local LAN packet transports: NAT(SLiRP)
      *** - Per simulator tests will be run.
      ***
      *** git commit id is 4e159a04ed6291509b685dc06f620389b3373cce.
      *** git commit time is 2023-01-04T13:22:12-0700.
      ***
      gcc -std=gnu99 -U__STRICT_ANSI__  -O2 -finline-functions -fgcse-after-reload -fpredictive-commoning -fipa-cp-clone -fno-unsafe-loop-optimizations -fno-strict-overflow -DSIM_GIT_COMMIT_ID=4e159a04ed6291509b685dc06f620389b3373cce -DSIM_GIT_COMMIT_TIME=2023-01-04T13:22:12-0700  -DSIM_COMPILER="GCC Version: 11.3.0" -DSIM_BUILD_TOOL=simh-makefile -I . -Werror -D_GNU_SOURCE -DUSE_READER_THREAD -DSIM_ASYNCH_IO  -DHAVE_SEMAPHORE -DHAVE_SYS_IOCTL -DSIM_HAVE_DLOPEN=a -DHAVE_EDITLINE -DHAVE_UTIME -DHAVE_GLOB -DHAVE_SHM_OPEN  ./VAX/vax_cpu.c ./VAX/vax_cpu1.c ./VAX/vax_fpa.c ./VAX/vax_cis.c ./VAX/vax_octa.c  ./VAX/vax_cmode.c ./VAX/vax_mmu.c ./VAX/vax_sys.c  ./VAX/vax_syscm.c ./VAX/vax780_stddev.c ./VAX/vax780_sbi.c ./VAX/vax780_mem.c ./VAX/vax780_uba.c ./VAX/vax7x0_mba.c ./VAX/vax780_fload.c ./VAX/vax780_syslist.c ./PDP11/pdp11_rl.c ./PDP11/pdp11_rq.c ./PDP11/pdp11_ts.c ./PDP11/pdp11_dz.c ./PDP11/pdp11_lp.c ./PDP11/pdp11_tq.c ./PDP11/pdp11_xu.c ./PDP11/pdp11_ry.c ./PDP11/pdp11_cr.c ./PDP11/pdp11_rp.c ./PDP11/pdp11_tu.c ./PDP11/pdp11_hk.c ./PDP11/pdp11_vh.c ./PDP11/pdp11_dmc.c ./PDP11/pdp11_dup.c ./PDP11/pdp11_td.c ./PDP11/pdp11_tc.c ./PDP11/pdp11_rk.c ./PDP11/pdp11_io_lib.c ./PDP11/pdp11_ch.c ./scp.c ./sim_console.c ./sim_fio.c ./sim_timer.c ./sim_sock.c ./sim_tmxr.c ./sim_ether.c ./sim_tape.c ./sim_disk.c ./sim_serial.c ./sim_video.c ./sim_imd.c ./sim_card.c -DVM_VAX -DVAX_780 -DUSE_INT64 -DUSE_ADDR64 -I ./VAX -I ./PDP11 -Islirp -Islirp_glue -Islirp_glue/qemu -DHAVE_SLIRP_NETWORK -DUSE_SIMH_SLIRP_DEBUG slirp/*.c slirp_glue/*.c -DUSE_NETWORK -o BIN/vax780 -lm -lrt -lpthread -ldl -ledit
      BIN/vax780 RegisterSanityCheck /cygdrive/m/Emulators/SimH/mirror/simh-4.1/VAX/tests/vax-diag_test.ini </dev/null
       Running internal register sanity checks on VAX 11/780 simulator.
      *** Good Registers in VAX 11/780 simulator.
      
      VAX 11/780 simulator Open SIMH V4.1-0 Current        git commit id: 4e159a04
      Running Hardware Core Test (EVKAA)
      
      *** PASSED - VAX 11/780 Hardware Core Instruction test EVKAA
      
      
      Starting VAX Diagnostic Supervisor
      
      Missing Regular Expression support - skipping EVKAB test
      
      
      VAX 11/780 simulator Open SIMH V4.1-0 Current        git commit id: 4e159a04
      sim> exit
      Goodbye
  3. Prepare data directory
    mkdir -p /cygdrive/m/Emulators/SimH/guests/vax-11-780_3bsdcd /cygdrive/m/Emulators/SimH/guests/vax-11-780_3bsd    
  4. The simulator program is available in the BIN directory from the compiled git repository. To make life easier, the best is to create a link to the program. I can create a link into /usr/bin or into the guest directory. I will go with the later.
    ln -s ../../mirror/simh-4.1/BIN/vax780.exe vax780-4.1.exels -laF vax780-4.1.exe
    lrwxrwxrwx 1 afberendsen None 36 Feb 19 15:26 vax780-4.1.exe -> ../../mirror/simh-4.1/BIN/vax780.exe*
  5. Unpack the 3BSD tape file
    7z.exe x 3bsd.tap.bz2
    
    7-Zip 19.00 (x64) : Copyright (c) 1999-2018 Igor Pavlov : 2019-02-21
    
    Scanning the drive for archives
    1 file, 5892222 bytes (5755 KiB)
    
    Extracting archive: 3bsd.tap.bz2
    --
    Path = 3bsd.tap.bz2
    Type = bzip2
    
    Everything is Ok
    
    Size:       22524624
    Compressed: 5892222
    $ ls -la 3bsd.tap*
    -rwxrwxrwx+ 1 afberendsen None 22524624 Feb 19 15:30 3bsd.tap
    -rwxrwxrwx+ 1 afberendsen None  5892222 Feb 19 15:30 3bsd.tap.bz2    
  6. Transfer contents of tape to disk
    1. Create tboot.ini file to allow the initial disk set-up and code transfer from the tape.
      set tto 7b
      set rq disable
      set lpt disable
      set rl disable
      set hk disable
      set rq disable
      set rqb disable
      set rqc disable
      set rqd disable
      set ry disable
      set ts disable
      set tq disable
      set dz lines=8
      set rp0 rp06
      attach rp0 rp06.disk
      set tu0 te16
      attach -r -e tu0 3bsd.tap
      D 50000 20009FDE
      D 50004 D0512001
      D 50008 3204A101
      D 5000C C113C08F
      D 50010 A1D40424
      D 50014 008FD00C
      D 50018 C1800000
      D 5001C 8F320800
      D 50020 10A1FE00
      D 50024 00C139D0
      D 50028 04c1d004
      D 5002C 07e15004
      D 50030 0000f750
      go 50000
      go 0    
    2. Start-up the simulator with the initial environment. On the past, when creating the initial disk (rp06.disk), the simulator used to ask for a confirmation to re-write the last track. 
      ./vax780-4.1.exe tboot.ini
      
      VAX 11/780 simulator Open SIMH V4.1-0 Current        git commit id: 4e159a04
      /cygdrive/m/Emulators/SimH/guests/vax-11-780_3bsd/tboot.ini-15> at rp0 rp06.disk
      %SIM-INFO: RP0: Creating new file: rp06.disk
      /cygdrive/m/Emulators/SimH/guests/vax-11-780_3bsd/tboot.ini-17> at tu0 3bsd.tap
      %SIM-INFO: TU0: unit is read only
      %SIM-INFO: TU0: Tape Image '3bsd.tap' scanned as SIMH format    
    3. Create the disk initial filesystem. 
      HALT instruction, PC: 00050033 (HALT)
      =mkfs
      file sys size: 7942
      file system: hp(0,0)
      isize = 5072
      m/n = 3 500   
    4. Transfer the contents of the tape to the disk
      =restor
      Tape? ht(1,1)
      Disk? hp(0,0)
      Last chance before scribbling on disk. y
      End of tape    
    5. Boot the system from the disk
      =boot
      
      Boot
      : hp(0,0)vmunix
      61856+61008+70120 start 0x4B4
      VM/UNIX (Berkeley Version 2.7) 2/10/80
      real mem  = 8323072
      avail mem = 8062976
      ERASE IS CONTROL-H!!!
      #    
    6. Create the user app space partition. Pay attention to use rrp0g.
      /etc/mkfs /dev/rrp0g 145673
      isize = 65488
      m/n = 3 500
      #    
    7. Fill the usr partition from the tape. The two cp commands are used to advance the tape. This version of 3BSD does not have a mt command.
      /etc/mount /dev/rp0g /usrcd /usrcp /dev/rmt5 /dev/nullcp /dev/rmt5 /dev/nulltar xbf 20 /dev/rmt1    
    8. Stop the system. Unmount the /usr partition, sync the I/O buffers. In modern U*X systems, the sync command is called at the shutdown state.
      cd //etc/umount /dev/rp0gsync ; sync ; sync ; sync
      #    
    9. Stop the simulator. At the 3BSD prompt, press CTRL-E. This will bring the simulator interface. At the simulator, simple issue the quit command.
      # CTRL+E
      Simulation stopped, PC: 8000085F (BLBC 80010FA0,8000085F)
      sim> q
      Goodbye    
  7. Start-up the simulator with 3BSD
    1. Create a new ini file. This time is the Disk Boot ini file: dboot.ini
      set tto 7b
      set rq dis
      set lpt dis
      set rl dis
      set hk dis
      set rq dis
      set rqb dis
      set rqc dis
      set rqd dis
      set ry dis
      set ts dis
      set tq dis
      set dz lines=8
      set rp0 rp06
      at rp0 rp06.disk
      set tu0 te16
      load -o boot 0
      go 2    
    2. (once) Create the boot loader. 
      1. Create a file called boot.uue, with following contents
        begin 644 boot
        M``#:'Q+0CP``!0!>T`&?!``!(-`!GP0@`2#0`9\$8``@PX_D%@4`CY@Y!0!0
        MPX\```4`C^06!0!1+`!N`%!A*.]_$P``GP````!N%_]O$P``^P#O'````-"/
        M```%`%X7[^S___\``-"/```%`%X7GU$`!0```,($7M_O21,``/L![RH.``#?
        M[T,3``#[`>\=#@``W^^+.```^P'O"!```-T`W^]\.```^P+OV08``-!0K?S5
        M4!G/W5#[`>\"````!```#,(D7M"L!%O=(-^MX-U;^P/O7P4``-!06M%:(!(*
        MT:W@CP@!```3#=_OX1(``/L![V((``#=K>3?[]T2``#[`N^H#0``W:WDW0#=
        M6_L#[R(%``#14*WD$P,QD0#0K>2MW!$)T*W<4-:MW)1@TX__`P``K=P2[=VM
        MZ-_OGQ(``/L"[V<-``#=K>C=K=S=6_L#[^`$``#14*WH$E+`K>BMW-VM[-_O
        M>1(``/L"[ST-``#`CP```0"M[-1:$0O0K=Q0UJW<E&#66M%:K>P?[^4?K?0`
        MW:WTW^]+$@``^P+O"PT``/L`O?3[`.\($@``W^]`$@``^P'OG0<```0````,
        MT*P(6]2K?,$?K`10QA!0>`%04,&K=%#+@``RCP`$RX@`P8^,````6\N$`-U;
        M^P'OD@<``,&/C````%M:P1^L!%#'$%!1Q!!1PU%047@&45#`4%KWK`2K"+!J
        MJPK0J@BK%-T-P0Q:?L$86W[[`^]@$0``!```#,((7M"L!%L3!)5K$FK?[[T1
        M``#[`>]>#```$5C66Y%K+Q/YT%M:$0:5:A,'UEJ1:B\2]9!JK?^4:MVL"-U;
        M^P+O:P$``-!0K?@3&I6M_Q,XW:P(W5#[`N\L____D*W_:M!:6Q$?W5O?[VX1
        M``#[`N\$#```U%`$W:P(/`)^^P+O!/___Y5K$I;0K?A0!```#L(47M"L!%O0
        MK`BM[,$$6UG5K`@8"=_O/A$``#%E_]&L"`H8#]"L"%K02JD4K?30K?10!-2M
        M^-`!K?3""JP(T`.M_!$9P`BM^'@(K?2M]-&L"*WT&0W"K?2L"->M_-6M_!3B
        MU:W\$@S=K`C?[_80```Q:O_#K?P-4-!`J12M]!(/W:P(W^_H$```,5'_UJW\
        MT:W\`Q29T*W\4-%`[WPC``"M]!-&>`&M]%#!JW10RX``>`JM_%">0.]@$P``
        MRX0`,H\`!,N(`-U;^P'O\04``'@*K?Q0GD#O01,``*WPT*W\4-"M]$#O,B,`
        M`'@*K?Q0GD#O)A,``*WPP@BM^,ZM^%!X4*P(4)I06M!*O?"M]!,#,7G_W:P(
        MW^]A$```,;[^```.P@Q>T*P(6]6L!!(#,;/^E;P$$_C!!%M9/*D&4,J/_P__
        M_U#14(\`0```$PG?[S40```Q+/['$*D0K?@2"=_O-1```#$;_C*/``2M]-2M
        M_!%HUJWTT:WTCT`````90M"M_%#6K?S=4-U;^P+O;/[__W@!4%#!JW10RX``
        MP8^,````6\N$`#*/``3+B`#=6_L![PD%``#!CXP```!;6M2M],$"6G[=K`3[
        M`N\:````U5`3!#QJ4`3`$%K0K?A0UZWXU5`2C3'[_0``#M"L!%O0K`A:T`Y9
        MT%E0UUG54!,0D6MJ$P,QW/V5BQ,$E8H2Y]`!4`0`"-6L#!,1W^^0#P``^P'O
        MP`D``,X!4`3"`ZP$&?;1K`0$&/#%CXP$``"L!%#`C_0F!0!0T%!;X0)@V="L
        M"*M\QX\`!```K`A0>`%04,&K=%#+@`#4RX@`U%`$```.P@1>U:P$&0[1K`0"
        M%`C[`.\G"P``!,(#K`09'=&L!`08%\6/C`0``*P$4,"/]"8%`%#04%O@`F`$
        MS@%0!-#+A`!:U<N(`!4#,:``QX\`!```JWQ0>`%0RX``X0-K&L<"RX``?MU;
        M^P+O'_W__W@!4%#!JW10RX``P8^,````6\N$`#*/``3+B`#=6_L![[P#``#A
        M`VM%QX\`!```JWQ0Q(\`!```4,-0JWRM_,.M_(\`!```4,"K?%#14*L4&0W#
        MJWRK%%#!K?Q0RX@`PJW\RX@`U<N(`!0&,5[_U*W\P8^,````6U#!K?Q06M?+
        MB`#6JWR8BEG06LN$`-!94`0`#-6L!!D%T`%0$0+44-&L!`(4!=`!41$"U%'2
        M45'*45`3)="L#%O[`.\0"@``]E"\"-=;$PS0K`A0UJP(D6`*$N7#6ZP,4`3"
        M`ZP$&1W1K`0$&!?%CXP$``"L!%#`C_0F!0!0T%!:X`)@!,X!4`3I:OG@`VHA
        MT*P,RH@`T*P(RH0`W5K[`>_%`@``T%!;P`+*@`#06U`$P:P,JGQ0T5"J%!4'
        MPZI\JA2L#-"L#%L4`]10!,$#K`1^^P'O0?[__]"L"%'6K`CV4&'76Q+FT*P,
        M4`0`#-6L!!DKT:P$`A0ET*P,6Q$1T*P(4-:L")A@?OL![^`(``#06U#76]50
        M$N;0K`Q0!,(#K`09'=&L!`08%\6/C`0``*P$4,"/]"8%`%#04%K@`F`$S@%0
        M!.$!:OC0K`S*B`#0K`C*A`#=6OL![RH"``#04%O``LJ``-!;4`0`#L((7M7O
        M<0P``!,>U*W\Q8^,!```K?Q0E$#O3!\``/($K?SKU.]1#```U*WXQ8^,!```
        MK?A0E4#O+A\``!,2\@2M^.G?[\<,``#[`>^``0``Q8^,!```K?A0P(_T)@4`
        M4-!06H@$8-"L!%L1!Y%K*!,&UEN5:Q+UD6LH$R#?[Z$,```1"\`061$<W^^@
        M#```^P'OD`8``)1JS@%0!)2+WN\&#0``6=5I$^#=:=VL!/L"[W/\___54!/+
        M]BBK_\./-!4%`%E0QA!0]U"J!IB+4,,P4*IPU:IP&0;1JG`'%0C?[UH,```1
        MJ)&++!,(W^]A#```$9O=6_L![[$*``#04*IT$025BQ/ED6LI$O?=6OL![R4!
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        M`````````0```/____\```$@`"`!(&AP`&AT`'5P```````````F````8@``
        M`/_______________W8```#_____`````&$```#_____________________
        M+`$``/____]H<"!B860@;6EN;W(`9&ES:R!E<G)O<CH@8WEL/25D('1R86-K
        M/25D('-E8W0])60@9',])5@L(&5R,3TE6`H``````!L```!$````________
        M_____________U(```!U<"!B860@=6YI=`!D:7-K(&5R<F]R.B!C>6P])60@
        M=')A8VL])60@<V5C=#TE9"!C<S$])5@L(&5R,3TE6`H`<F5T=7)N960@)60*
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        *(')E=')Y"@```"5X
        `
        end    
      2. Decode the text file into a binary file.
        uudecode.exe boot.uuels -la boot
        -rw-r--r--+ 1 afberendsen None 5860 Feb 20 22:41 boot    
    3. Load the simulator for 3BSD
      ./vax780-4.1.exe dboot.ini
      
      VAX 11/780 simulator Open SIMH V4.1-0 Current        git commit id: 4e159a04
      
      Boot
      :    
    4. Load the kernel
      Boot
      : hp(0,0)vmunix
      61856+61008+70120 start 0x4B4
      VM/UNIX (Berkeley Version 2.7) 2/10/80
      real mem  = 8323072
      avail mem = 8062976
      ERASE IS CONTROL-H!!!
      #    
    5. (Once) set-up root password
      passwd root
      New password:
      Retype new password:
      #    
    6.  Change to multi-user mode. At the prompt, press CTRL+D to bring the system to multi-user mode
      # CTRL+D
      Sat Mar 22 14:15:50 PST 1980
      entering rc
      clearing mtab
      mounting /usr on /dev/rp0g
      preserving Ex temps and clearing /tmp
      starting update
      starting cron
      leaving rc
      
      
      Virtual VAX/UNIX (Ernie Co-vax)
      
      login:    
    7. Authenticate with root account
      login: root
      Password:
      
      Welcome to Virtual Vax/UNIX.
      ERASE IS CONTROL-H!!!
      #    
    8. Shutdown system
      sync ; sync ; sync ; sync
      # CTRL+E
      Simulation stopped, PC: 8000085F (BLBC 80010FA0,8000085F)
      sim> q
      Goodbye    

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